CodeQL documentation

Unguarded next in generator

ID: py/unguarded-next-in-generator
Kind: problem
Security severity: 
Severity: warning
Precision: very-high
Tags:
   - maintainability
   - portability
Query suites:
   - python-security-and-quality.qls

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The function next() will raise a StopIteration exception if the underlying iterator is exhausted. Normally this is fine, but in a generator may cause problems. Since the StopIteration is an exception it will be propagated out of the generator causing termination of the generator. This is unlikely to be the expected behavior and may mask errors.

This problem is considered sufficiently serious that PEP 479 has been accepted to modify the handling of StopIteration in generators. Consequently, code that does not handle StopIteration properly is likely to fail in future versions of Python.

Recommendation

Each call to next() should be wrapped in a try-except to explicitly handle StopIteration exceptions.

Example

In the following example, an empty file part way through iteration will silently truncate the output as the StopIteration exception propagates to the top level.


test_files = [
    ["header1", "text10", "text11", "text12"],
    ["header2", "text20", "text21", "text22"],
    [],
    ["header4", "text40", "text41", "text42"],
]

def separate_headers(files):
    for file in files:
        lines = iter(file)
        header = next(lines) # Will raise StopIteration if lines is exhausted
        body = [ l for l in lines ]
        yield header, body

def process_files(files):
    for header, body in separate_headers(files):
        print(format_page(header, body))

In the following example StopIteration exception is explicitly handled, allowing all the files to be processed.


def separate_headers(files):
    for file in files:
        lines = iter(file)
        try:
            header = next(lines) # Will raise StopIteration if lines is exhausted
        except StopIteration:
            #Empty file -- Just ignore
            continue
        body = [ l for l in lines ]
        yield header, body

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